What term is used for an inflammatory condition related to the nervous system?

The term used to describe an inflammatory condition related to the nervous system is encephalitis. Encephalitis refers to the inflammation of the brain, often caused by a viral infection, autoimmune response, or other pathogens. This condition can lead to symptoms such as fever, headache, confusion, and in some cases, seizures or neurological deficits stemming from the brain's inflammation.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system by damaging the myelin sheath around nerve fibers but is not characterized as a straightforward inflammatory condition. General paresis is a progressive neurological disorder resulting from late-stage syphilis, leading to cognitive and motor dysfunction. Neuropathy refers to nerve damage that can be caused by various factors, such as diabetes or toxins, but does not specifically denote inflammation of the nervous system.

Thus, encephalitis correctly identifies a specific kind of inflammatory condition that directly impacts the nervous system.