NBE Science Practice Test

The correct answer is osteoporosis, which is a condition characterized by a decrease in bone density and mass. This leads to bones becoming weaker and more susceptible to fractures. Osteoporosis primarily results from an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. It can occur due to various factors, including hormonal changes, aging, nutritional deficiencies, and lack of physical activity.

Understanding osteoporosis is crucial, as it has significant implications for skeletal health, particularly in aging populations where the risk of fractures can lead to serious complications. The early detection and management of osteoporosis can help prevent debilitating fractures and improve quality of life.

The other terms relate to different conditions. Arthritis refers to inflammation of the joints, osteomalacia is a softening of the bones due to vitamin D or calcium deficiency, and osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer. Each of these has distinct characteristics and impacts on bone health that differ from the mass reduction associated with osteoporosis.

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