What is the science that studies structure and form without regard to function called?

The study of structure and form without regard to function is referred to as morphology. Morphology encompasses the examination of the shape, size, and overall structure of organisms and their parts. It focuses specifically on details of the physical attributes rather than how those structures serve a particular purpose or function.

In the context of biological sciences, morphology includes the analysis of both the external and internal structures of organisms, which can include everything from the size and arrangement of organs in animals to the structure of leaves in plants. This field provides foundational knowledge that can support further studies in areas such as anatomy, which typically emphasizes the function and organization of biological systems.

While related disciplines like anatomy and histology focus more explicitly on the function and cellular organization of organisms, morphology stands out as a discipline that prioritizes structural characteristics inherently without delving into their functional implications.